Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the ingestion of gluten (a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye) triggers an immune response that damages the lining of the small intestine. This damage impairs the absorption of nutrients and can lead to a wide range of symptoms, including gastrointestinal issues, weight loss, fatigue, skin rashes, and joint pain. Celiac disease is a chronic condition that requires careful dietary management, i.e., a lifelong gluten-free diet.

People with celiac disease who eat gluten have higher than average levels of certain antibodies in their blood. eNational’s celiac antibodies test measures several of the antibodies associated with celiac disease.

Who should take this test?

Celiac testing is recommended for individuals with symptoms of celiac disease (such as chronic gastrointestinal issues or unexplained weight loss) and those at higher risk of celiac disease due to family history or the presence of other autoimmune disorders.

A definitive diagnosis of celiac disease may involve additional steps, such as an endoscopy with small intestine biopsy.

For those who have already been diagnosed with celiac disease and are on a gluten-free diet, celiac antibody tests can be used to monitor treatment effectiveness.

What is included in this test?

This blood test measures:

• Tissue transglutaminase IgA antibodies
• Endomysial IgA antibodies
• Total IgA antibodies
• Tissue transglutaminase IgG antibodies (if total IgA is low)

Tissue transglutaminase is an enzyme responsible for repairing damage in the body. Individuals with celiac disease often produce antibodies that attack this enzyme. Elevated levels of IgA antibodies against tissue transglutaminase can indicate celiac disease.

The endomysium is a connective tissue within the gut. The presence of endomysial IgA antibodies is a highly specific marker for celiac disease.

Because some people have IgA deficiency, which can affect the results of IgA-based celiac antibody tests, the total level of IgA in the blood is also measured. If the total IgA level is low, tissue transglutaminase IgG antibodies will also be measured. IgG is another type of antibody, and in cases of IgA deficiency, the immune system may produce IgG antibodies against tissue transglutaminase.

How will taking this test benefit me?

Celiac disease can have serious health consequences if left untreated. Blood testing is an important tool for diagnosis, enabling early intervention and preventing complications.